让机械手像人一样拧瓶盖:不靠触觉也能稳
机器人用手拧瓶盖、拉抽屉这类活,难点在于:关节物体(比如瓶盖)不能直接驱动,必须靠手持续接触才能让它动。以前的AI要么只规划轨迹,要么靠固定力训练,一旦接触力变化(比如瓶盖松紧不同)就失败。DragMesh-2的核心是:把物理接触信号直接注入策略学习,即使没有触觉传感器,也能让机械手适应不同阻尼(比如瓶盖拧紧或松动),在7种物体上比现有方法更鲁棒。它不是你明天能用上的,但为未来家用机器人、假肢手提供了更接近人的操作方式。
📄 原文摘要(英文)
Dexterous interaction with articulated objects is important for household, assistive, and humanoid manipulation, where multi-finger hands can provide compliant contact patterns beyond parallel-jaw grasping. However, articulated-object manipulation differs from static-object manipulation: the target part cannot be directly actuated, and its motion must emerge through sustained physical hand--handle contact. This makes the transition from object-centric articulated generation to hand-driven dexterous hand--object interaction non-trivial, since geometric trajectory replay or open-loop execution does not model the contact dynamics required to move the articulated part. Moreover, policies trained only for task completion under fixed dynamics can overfit nominal contact loads, especially without tactile or force feedback, and may degrade when the contact load changes. To address these challenges, we present DragMesh-2, a contact-driven framework for dexterous interaction with articulated objects that extends articulated interaction from object-centric generation to hand-driven dexterous hand--object interaction, where articulated motion must arise through physical contact. We further propose PICA, a physically informed contact-aware training mechanism that injects physical signals into policy learning without tactile or force feedback, improving robustness and task success under changing contact loads. Finally, we conduct systematic evaluation across multiple damping conditions and articulated-object categories to study robustness under contact-load variation, and provide a pure-geometry dexterous interaction resource to support future loco-manipulation and humanoid hand--object interaction research. Across seven GAPartNet objects, DragMesh-2 achieves stronger robustness under contact-load variation than the compared methods while maintaining high task success across damping conditions.